Aulographum
Aulographum Lib., Pl. crypt. Arduenna, fasc. (Liège) 3 (nos 201–300): no. 272 (1834).
Index Fungorum number: IF 461; Facesoffungi number: FoF 06202, 18 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on leaves. Sexual morph: Mycelium superficial, sparse. Thyriothecia globose to ellipsoidal, simple or branched, scattered to loosely clustered, superficial, membraneous, black, basal peridium poorly developed, opening by an irregular slit, in section lenticular. Upper wall comprising parallel radiating lines of ellipsoid cells from the central ostiole to the outer rim. Peridium a single stratum composed of black-brown pseudoparenchymatous cells of compact textura angularis. Hamathecium of sparse, asci embedded in mucilage inclined towards the center, pseudoparaphyses not observed. Asci 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, globose to subglobose, without pedicel. Ascospores hyaline, uniseptate, the upper cell often broader than the lower cell, smooth-walled. Asexual morph: Unknown (adapted from Wu et al. 2011).
Type species: Aulographum hederae Lib.
Notes: Aulographum is characterised by globose to ellipsoidal, simple or branched thyriothecia, globose to subglobose asci lacking pedicel, and hyaline, uniseptate ascospores. Hyde et al. (2013) observed a specimen of Aulographum hederae (BPI 1108478) which they noted as authentic. Several species of Aulographum were transferred to other families such as Asterinaceae, Elsinoaceae, Leptopeltidaceae and Lophiostomataceae (Hyde et al. 2013). Wu et al. (2011) re-examined a specimen from BR under the name A. vagum, the basionym of Aulographum hederae and referred the genus to Aulographaceae based on the asci which lack IKI+ remnants and thyriothecia that open via a longitudinal slit. Hongsanan et al. (2014) provided sequence data for A. hederae (LSU) and confirmed the placement of Aulographum in Aulographaceae. In the phylogenetic analysis of Hongsanan et al. (2014), the clade of Aulographaceae comprising two strains of Aulographum hederae clustered in Mytilinidiaceae with high statistical support but since Aulographum hederae differs significantly from species of Mytilinidiaceae, Aulographaceae was referred to family incertae sedis. Aulographum is morphologically and phylogenetically a distinct genus in Aulographaceae. More collections with DNA sequence data are needed to confirm the higher rank of Aulographum and provide a natural classification of the genus. Molecular markers available for Aulographum are ITS, LSU, SSU and RPB2.
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