Dimorphoma
Dimorphoma L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous, in Hou et al., Stud. Mycol. 96: 388 (2020).
Index Fungorum number: IF 833547; Facesoffungi number: FoF 11504, 1 morphological species (Species Fungorum 2022), 1 species with molecular data.
Saprobic on host. Sexual morph: Unknown. Asexual morph: Conidiomata pycnidial, solitary, (sub-)globose, glabrous or covered with hyphal outgrowths. Ostioles single, papillate. Pycnidial wall pseudoparenchymatous, multi-layered. Conidiogenous cells phialidic, hyaline, simple, smooth, variable in appearance, flask-shaped, oblong or isodiametric. Conidia two types, both originating from the same pycnidium; type 1 (sub-)globose, smooth- and thin-walled, hyaline, aseptate, guttulate; type 2 cylindrical to ellipsoidal, thin-walled, smooth, hyaline, aseptate, mainly eguttulate. Chlamydospores ubiquitously present in the agar, unicellular, globose, in long chains, greenish pigmented (adapted from Hou et al. 2020).
Type species: Dimorphoma saxea (Aveskamp, Gruyter & Verkley) L.W. Hou, L. Cai & Crous
Notes: Dimorphoma is characterised by pycnidial, solitary, (sub-)globose conidiomata, phialidic, hyaline, simple, smooth conidiogenous cells and two types of conidia, with type 1 being sub-globose, hyaline, aseptate, guttulate and type 2 being cylindrical to ellipsoidal, smooth, hyaline, aseptate, mainly eguttulate. Dimorphoma saxea was previously known as Phoma saxea. Later Valenzuela-Lopez et al. (2018) provided a new combination and transferred this species to Xenodidymella. In the phylogenetic analysis of Hou et al. (2020) based on LSU, ITS, RPB2 and BTUB sequence data, Dimorphoma formed a distinct lineage in Didymellaceae. Dimorphoma is unique and differs from other members of Didymellaceae in producing two types of conidia. Molecular markers available for Dimorphoma include LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and BTUB.
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